Vitamins are essential for maintaining a healthy body, helping our body grow and develop normally. A human body requires at least 13 different types of Vitamins including A, C, D, E, K and the B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12 and folate).

Vitamin B12 is a part of the Vitamin B complex and is the most complicated vitamin structurally and chemically. It is also known as cobalamin as it contains the biochemically rare element cobalt. Cyanocobalamin, a common synthetic form of Vitamin B12 is used in food additives and nutritional supplements. Methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin are the forms of vitamin B12 that are active in human metabolism.

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin. It cannot be made by plants or animals but is exclusively synthesized by bacteria. Generally people who are vegetarians may need to include Vitamin B12 supplements in their diets.

Vitamin B12 helps regulate the formation of red blood cell and plays a vital role in maintaining and increasing energy levels in the human body. Vitamin B12 aids in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins as well as helps in lowering homocysteine levels crucial for maintaining heart health. Proper functioning of neurological system and repairing of body tissues are maintained and looked after by Vitamin B12. It also contributes in the creation of bone marrow and DNA synthesis. Vitamin B is known to promote mental alertness and focus, boost energy and support stable moods. This can result in promoting a healthier response to stress and a balanced sleep cycle.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause anemia, nerve damage, neurological degeneration, balance and memory problems, chronic fatigue, poor mood, and cardiovascular problems.

A healthy diet goes a long way in fulfilling the vitamin and nutrient requirements of our body. According to studies meat, dairy products, eggs are the main sources of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is provided as a dietary supplement in many processed foods such as ready-to-eat cereals etc, and is also available in vitamin pill form, including multi-vitamins.